FAQ POWERSHELL ÎN ROMÂNA

translated-romanian-v3

Concept : Cele mai frecvente intrebari despre PowerShell.

Puteți folosi această listă în diferite moduri :

Pentru a copia / lipi comenzi într-un script
Pentru a vedea rapid sintaxa unei comenzi specifice
Pentru a îmbunătăți cunoștințele tehnice
Pentru a descoperi noi comenzi
Pentru a prepara un interviu de angajare

Actualizat	7 octombrie 2015
Autor	powershell-guru.com
Sursă	romanian.powershell-guru.com
Categorii	75
Intrebari	610

ACL
Active Directory
Alias
Arrays
Browsers
Certificates
Characters
CIM
Comments
COM Objects
Compare
Computer
Credentials
CSV
Culture
Date
Drives
Environment
Errors
Event Viewer
Files
Folders
Format Operator (-f)
Functions
GPO
GUI
Hardware

Hashtables
Help
History
Jobs
Keyboard
Loops
Math
Memory
Messages
Modules
Microsoft Excel
Microsoft Exchange
Microsoft Outlook
Microsoft SharePoint
Networking
Openfiles
Operators
Parameters
Password
Powershell ISE
Powershell v5
Printers
Processes
PSObject
Quest
Random
RDP

Regedit
Regex
Remote
Restore
Scheduled Tasks
Search
SCCM
Services
SMTP
Snapins
Sounds
Static .NET Methods
Strings
System
Try/Catch
Variables
Symantec Vault
Windows 2012
Windows Azure
Windows Forms
WMI
XML

System

Cum se determină versiunea mea de PowerShell?

# via Powershell
$PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major

# via Registry
(Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\1\PowerShellEngine').PowerShellVersion # Versions 1 and 2
(Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\3\PowerShellEngine').PowerShellVersion # Versions 3 and 4

# via Remote
Invoke-Command -ComputerName $computer -ScriptBlock { $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major }

# via Powershell

$PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major

# via Registry

(Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\1\PowerShellEngine').PowerShellVersion # Versions 1 and 2

(Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\PowerShell\3\PowerShellEngine').PowerShellVersion # Versions 3 and 4

# via Remote

Invoke-Command -ComputerName $computer -ScriptBlock { $PSVersionTable.PSVersion.Major }

Cum se rulează Powershell într-o altă variantă cu compatibilitate ?
powershell.exe -Version 2.0

Cum se solicită o versiune Powershell minim (3,0 și mai mare) într-un scenariu cu PowerShell?
#Requires -Version 3.0

Cum se solicită privilegii administrative pentru un script in PowerShell?

# Solution 1
#Requires -RunAsAdministrator

# Solution 2
[bool]((whoami.exe /all) -match 'S-1-16-12288')

# Solution 1

#Requires -RunAsAdministrator

# Solution 2

[bool]((whoami.exe /all) -match 'S-1-16-12288')

Cum se verifică parametrii unui script cu PowerShell?
help -Name .\Get-ExchangeEnvironmentReport.ps1 -Full

Cum se obţin informațiile pentru utilizatorul curent cu PowerShell?
[Security.Principal.WindowsIdentity]::GetCurrent()

Cum se creează, editeaza și reîncarca un profil cu PowerShell?

# Check if a profile exists
Test-Path -Path $PROFILE                           # Current User,Current Host  
Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.CurrentUserCurrentHost    # Current User,Current Host  
Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.CurrentUserAllHosts       # Current User,All Hosts     
Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.AllUsersCurrentHost       # All Users, Current Host    
Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.AllUsersAllHosts          # All Users, All Hosts       
 
# Create a new profile for current user
New-Item -ItemType File -Force $PROFILE # CurrentUserCurrentHost
New-Item -ItemType File -Force $PROFILE.CurrentUserCurrentHost
New-Item -ItemType File -Force $PROFILE.CurrentUserAllHosts
 
# Edit
psEdit $PROFILE (only for ISE)
ise $PROFILE (only for ISE)
notepad.exe $PROFILE
 
# Reload (without restarting Powershell)
& $PROFILE
.$PROFILE
 
# List profiles
$PROFILE | Format-List * -Force

# Check if a profile exists

Test-Path -Path $PROFILE # Current User,Current Host

Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.CurrentUserCurrentHost # Current User,Current Host

Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.CurrentUserAllHosts # Current User,All Hosts

Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.AllUsersCurrentHost # All Users, Current Host

Test-Path -Path $PROFILE.AllUsersAllHosts # All Users, All Hosts

# Create a new profile for current user

New-Item -ItemType File -Force $PROFILE # CurrentUserCurrentHost

New-Item -ItemType File -Force $PROFILE.CurrentUserCurrentHost

New-Item -ItemType File -Force $PROFILE.CurrentUserAllHosts

# Edit

psEdit $PROFILE (only for ISE)

ise $PROFILE (only for ISE)

notepad.exe $PROFILE

# Reload (without restarting Powershell)

& $PROFILE

.$PROFILE

# List profiles

$PROFILE | Format-List * -Force

Cum se face o pauză de 5 secunde/minute într-un script cu PowerShell?
Start-Sleep -Seconds 5
Start-Sleep -Seconds 300 # 5 minutes

Cum se obţine ultima dată de boot cu PowerShell?
(Get-CimInstance -ClassName win32_operatingsystem).LastBootUpTime

Cum se obţin type accelerators cu PowerShell?

[PSObject].Assembly.GetType('System.Management.Automation.TypeAccelerators')::Get.GetEnumerator() |  Select-Object -Property @{Name='Key'; Expression={$_.Key}},@{name='Value'; Expression={$_.Value}} | Sort-Object -Property Key | Format-Table -AutoSize

1	[PSObject].Assembly.GetType('System.Management.Automation.TypeAccelerators')::Get.GetEnumerator() \| Select-Object -Property @{Name='Key'; Expression={$_.Key}},@{name='Value'; Expression={$_.Value}} \| Sort-Object -Property Key \| Format-Table -AutoSize

Cum se listează programele de pornire cu PowerShell?

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_StartupCommand | Sort-Object -Property Caption | Format-Table -Property Caption, Command, User -AutoSize

1	Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_StartupCommand \| Sort-Object -Property Caption \| Format-Table -Property Caption, Command, User -AutoSize

Cum se dezinstalează o aplicatie cu PowerShell?

$application = Get-WmiObject -Query "SELECT * FROM Win32_Product WHERE Name LIKE 'HP Recovery Manager'"
$application.Uninstall()

1 2	$application = Get-WmiObject -Query "SELECT * FROM Win32_Product WHERE Name LIKE 'HP Recovery Manager'" $application.Uninstall()

Cum se face un screenshot al întregului desktop sau a unei ferestre active cu PowerShell?
Take-ScreenShot -Screen -File 'C:\scripts\screenshot.png' -Imagetype JPEG
Repository : Take-ScreenShot

Cum se obţine numărul de mesaje pentru cozile MSMQ cu PowerShell?

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PerfRawData_MSMQ_MSMQQueue -ComputerName $computer | Format-Table -Property Name, MessagesInQueue -AutoSize

1	Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PerfRawData_MSMQ_MSMQQueue -ComputerName $computer \| Format-Table -Property Name, MessagesInQueue -AutoSize

Cum se setează metoda de executare cu PowerShell?

# Restricted - No scripts can be run. Windows PowerShell can be used only in interactive mode.
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy Restricted

# AllSigned - Only scripts signed by a trusted publisher can be run.
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy AllSigned

# RemoteSigned - Downloaded scripts must be signed by a trusted publisher before they can be run.
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned

# Unrestricted - No restrictions - All Windows PowerShell scripts can be run.
Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted

# Restricted - No scripts can be run. Windows PowerShell can be used only in interactive mode.

Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy Restricted

# AllSigned - Only scripts signed by a trusted publisher can be run.

Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy AllSigned

# RemoteSigned - Downloaded scripts must be signed by a trusted publisher before they can be run.

Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned

# Unrestricted - No restrictions - All Windows PowerShell scripts can be run.

Set-ExecutionPolicy -ExecutionPolicy Unrestricted

Cum se creează o comandă rapidă/scurtatura cu PowerShell?

$shell = New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell
$shortcut = $shell.Createshortcut("$HOME\Desktop\Procexp.lnk")
$shortcut.TargetPath = 'C:\SysinternalsSuite\procexp.exe'
$shortcut.Save()

$shell = New-Object -ComObject WScript.Shell

$shortcut = $shell.Createshortcut("$HOME\Desktop\Procexp.lnk")

$shortcut.TargetPath = 'C:\SysinternalsSuite\procexp.exe'

$shortcut.Save()

Cum se fixeaza sau se anuleaza fixarea unui program pe bara de activități cu PowerShell?

$shell = New-Object -ComObject shell.application
$program = $shell.Namespace($env:windir).Parsename('notepad.exe')
$program.Invokeverb('TaskbarPin')
$program.Invokeverb('TaskbarUnpin')

$shell = New-Object -ComObject shell.application

$program = $shell.Namespace($env:windir).Parsename('notepad.exe')

$program.Invokeverb('TaskbarPin')

$program.Invokeverb('TaskbarUnpin')

Cum se deschide Windows Explorer cu PowerShell?
[Diagnostics.Process]::Start('explorer.exe')
Invoke-Item -Path C:\Windows\explorer.exe

Cum se listează driverele de dispozitiv cu PowerShell?
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PnPSignedDriver
Get-WindowsDriver -Online -All
driverquery.exe

Cum se creează GUID cu PowerShell?

# Empty GUID
[GUID]::Empty
00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000
 
# New GUID (lower case by default)
[GUID]::NewGuid()
7049b4a9-e4bc-4008-a683-067934bd39cf

# New GUID (upper case)
$guid = ([GUID]::NewGuid()).ToString().ToUpper()
DD7F5A7B-F46B-49D0-B8A1-D8D1360D2E27
 
# New GUID with a specific value
[GUID]('bc4ad3d3-d704-4bd0-843f-d607fbbc4cd7')
bc4ad3d3-d704-4bd0-843f-d607fbbc4cd7

# New GUID (Powershell v5)
New-Guid
cdcaa4d9-c85f-40d7-afd9-32f003afa130

# Empty GUID

[GUID]::Empty

00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000

# New GUID (lower case by default)

[GUID]::NewGuid()

7049b4a9-e4bc-4008-a683-067934bd39cf

# New GUID (upper case)

$guid = ([GUID]::NewGuid()).ToString().ToUpper()

DD7F5A7B-F46B-49D0-B8A1-D8D1360D2E27

# New GUID with a specific value

[GUID]('bc4ad3d3-d704-4bd0-843f-d607fbbc4cd7')

bc4ad3d3-d704-4bd0-843f-d607fbbc4cd7

# New GUID (Powershell v5)

New-Guid

cdcaa4d9-c85f-40d7-afd9-32f003afa130

Cum se obţine locația directorului temporar pentru utilizatorul curent cu PowerShell?
[System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath()

Cum se uneşte o cale(path) și o sub-cale(child path) într-o cale singura cu PowerShell?
Join-Path -Path C:\ -ChildPath \windows

Cum se listează toate comenzile cmdlet-uri “Get- *” cu PowerShell?
Get-Command -Verb Get

Cum se listează anumite foldere de sistem (system folders) cu PowerShell?

[System.Enum]::GetNames([System.Environment+SpecialFolder]) | ForEach-Object -Process { $_ + " [System.Environment]::GetFolderPath($_)" }

1	[System.Enum]::GetNames([System.Environment+SpecialFolder]) \| ForEach-Object -Process { $_ + " [System.Environment]::GetFolderPath($_)" }

Cum se montează fișierele ISO/ VHD cu PowerShell?
Mount-DiskImage 'D:\ISO\file.iso' # ISO
Mount-DiskImage 'D:\VHD\file.vhd' # VHD

Cum se verifică versiuni instalete .NET Framework cu PowerShell?

Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\NET Framework Setup\NDP' -Recurse | Get-ItemProperty -Name Version -EA 0 | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.PSChildName -match '^(?!S)\p{L}' } | Select-Object -Property PSChildName, Version

1	Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\NET Framework Setup\NDP' -Recurse \| Get-ItemProperty -Name Version -EA 0 \| Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.PSChildName -match '^(?!S)\p{L}' } \| Select-Object -Property PSChildName, Version

Cum se verifica dacă versiunea .NET Framework 4.5 este instalata cu PowerShell?
(Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\Software\Microsoft\NET Framework Setup\NDP\v4\Full' -EA 0).Version -like '4.5*'

Cum se porneşte si se opreşte o transcriere (pentru a crea o înregistrare a sesiunii Windows PowerShell) cu PowerShell?
Start-Transcript -Path 'C:\scripts\transcript.txt
Stop-Transcript

Cum se schimbă directorul curent la o anumită locație cu PowerShell?
Set-Location -Path 'C:\scripts'

Cum se sterge ecranul cu PowerShell?
Clear-Host
cls # Alias

Cum se schimba rezoluția de afișare cu PowerShell?
Set-DisplayResolution -Width 1280 -Height 1024 -Force # Windows 2012

Cum se setează fereastra pe tot ecranul/full screen cu PowerShell?
mode.com 300

Cum se obtine dimensiunile (lățime și înălțime) unei imagini cu PowerShell?

$picture = New-Object -ComObject Wia.ImageFile
$picture.LoadFile('C:\screenshot.jpg')

[PSCustomObject] @{
    Width  = $picture.Width
    Height = $picture.Height
}

$picture = New-Object -ComObject Wia.ImageFile

$picture.LoadFile('C:\screenshot.jpg')

[PSCustomObject] @{

Width = $picture.Width

Height = $picture.Height

}

Cum se obţine cheia de produs pentru Windows cu PowerShell ?

function Get-WindowsKey 
{
    ## function to retrieve the Windows Product Key from any PC
    ## by Jakob Bindslet (jakob@bindslet.dk)
    param ($targets = '.')
    $hklm = 2147483650
    $regPath = 'Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion'
    $regValue = 'DigitalProductId'
    Foreach ($target in $targets) 
    {
        $productKey = $null
        $win32os = $null
        $wmi = [WMIClass]"\\$target\root\default:stdRegProv"
        $data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue)
        $binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66]
        $charsArray = 'B', 'C', 'D', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'M', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'T', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', '2', '3', '4', '6', '7', '8', '9'
        ## decrypt base24 encoded binary data
        For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--) 
        {
            $k = 0
            For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--) 
            {
                $k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j]
                $binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24)
                $k = $k % 24
            }
            $productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey
            If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0)) 
            {
                $productKey = '-' + $productKey
            }
        }
        $win32os = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_OperatingSystem -ComputerName $target
        $obj = New-Object -TypeName Object
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Computer -Value $target
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Caption -Value $win32os.Caption
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CSDVersion -Value $win32os.CSDVersion
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name OSArch -Value $win32os.OSArchitecture
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BuildNumber -Value $win32os.BuildNumber
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name RegisteredTo -Value $win32os.RegisteredUser
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProductID -Value $win32os.SerialNumber
        $obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProductKey -Value $productKey
        $obj
    }
}

function Get-WindowsKey

{

## function to retrieve the Windows Product Key from any PC

## by Jakob Bindslet (jakob@bindslet.dk)

param ($targets = '.')

$hklm = 2147483650

$regPath = 'Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion'

$regValue = 'DigitalProductId'

Foreach ($target in $targets)

{

$productKey = $null

$win32os = $null

$wmi = [WMIClass]"\\$target\root\default:stdRegProv"

$data = $wmi.GetBinaryValue($hklm,$regPath,$regValue)

$binArray = ($data.uValue)[52..66]

$charsArray = 'B', 'C', 'D', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J', 'K', 'M', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'T', 'V', 'W', 'X', 'Y', '2', '3', '4', '6', '7', '8', '9'

## decrypt base24 encoded binary data

For ($i = 24; $i -ge 0; $i--)

{

$k = 0

For ($j = 14; $j -ge 0; $j--)

{

$k = $k * 256 -bxor $binArray[$j]

$binArray[$j] = [math]::truncate($k / 24)

$k = $k % 24

}

$productKey = $charsArray[$k] + $productKey

If (($i % 5 -eq 0) -and ($i -ne 0))

{

$productKey = '-' + $productKey

}

$win32os = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_OperatingSystem -ComputerName $target

$obj = New-Object -TypeName Object

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Computer -Value $target

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name Caption -Value $win32os.Caption

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name CSDVersion -Value $win32os.CSDVersion

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name OSArch -Value $win32os.OSArchitecture

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name BuildNumber -Value $win32os.BuildNumber

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name RegisteredTo -Value $win32os.RegisteredUser

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProductID -Value $win32os.SerialNumber

$obj | Add-Member -MemberType Noteproperty -Name ProductKey -Value $productKey

$obj

}

Perfmon

Cum se obţine timpul de procesare curent “% Processor Time”/ (medie) în ultimele 5 secunde (10 de ori), cu PowerShell?
(Get-Counter '\Processor(_total)\% Processor Time' -SampleInterval 5 -MaxSamples 10).CounterSamples.CookedValue

Assemblies

Cum se incarcă ansambluri cu PowerShell?

Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.Windows.Forms'

Add-Type -Path 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Windows.Forms\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Windows.Forms.dll'

# Deprecated
[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFrom('C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Windows.Forms\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Windows.Forms.dll')

Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.Windows.Forms'

Add-Type -Path 'C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Windows.Forms\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Windows.Forms.dll'

# Deprecated

[System.Reflection.Assembly]::LoadFrom('C:\Windows\Microsoft.Net\assembly\GAC_MSIL\System.Windows.Forms\v4.0_4.0.0.0__b77a5c561934e089\System.Windows.Forms.dll')

Cum se verifică ansambluri curente de tip “.NET assemblies” încărcate cu PowerShell?

# Check All
[System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() 

# Check specific one
[System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.FullName -like '*forms*' }

# Check All

[System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies()

# Check specific one

[System.AppDomain]::CurrentDomain.GetAssemblies() | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.FullName -like '*forms*' }

Cum se gaseşte calea GAC (Global Assembly Cache) cu PowerShell?

(New-Object -TypeName Regex -ArgumentList '(?<=file:///)(.*)(?=\/GAC)', 'IgnoreCase').Match(([PSObject].Assembly.Evidence | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.Value -ne $null }).Value).Value -replace '/', '\'

1	(New-Object -TypeName Regex -ArgumentList '(?<=file:///)(.*)(?=\/GAC)', 'IgnoreCase').Match(([PSObject].Assembly.Evidence \| Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.Value -ne $null }).Value).Value -replace '/', '\'

Clipboard

Cum se copiază rezultatele în clipboard cu PowerShell?

Get-Process | clip.exe

1	Get-Process \| clip.exe

Cum se obţine conținutul clipboard cu PowerShell?
Add-Type -AssemblyName PresentationCore
[Windows.Clipboard]::GetText()

Hotfixes

Cum se instalează remedierile rapide/hotfixes cu PowerShell?
Get-HotFix -ComputerName $computer

Cum se instalează remedierile rapide/hotfixes înainte/după o anumită dată cu PowerShell?
Get-HotFix | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.InstalledOn -lt ([DateTime]'01/01/2015') } # Before 01/01/2015
Get-HotFix | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.InstalledOn -gt ([DateTime]'01/01/2015')} # After 01/01/2015

Cum se verifică dacă o remediere rapidă/hotfix este instalat cu PowerShell?
Get-HotFix -Id KB2965142

Cum se instalează remedieri rapide/hotfixes pe un computer cu PowerShell?
Get-HotFix -ComputerName $computer

Pagefile

Cum să obțineți informațiile despre fisierul pagefile cu PowerShell?
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PageFileusage | Select-Object -Property Name, CurrentUsage, AllocatedBaseSize, PeakUsage, InstallDate

Cum se obtine dimensiunea recomandată (MB) pentru fisierul pagefile cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Truncate(((Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_ComputerSystem).TotalPhysicalMemory) / 1MB) * 1.5

Cum se creează un pagefile (4096 MB) pe partitia (D:) cu PowerShell?

Set-WmiInstance -Class Win32_PageFileSetting -Arguments @{
    Name        = 'D:\pagefile.sys'
    InitialSize = 4096
    MaximumSize = 4096
}

Set-WmiInstance -Class Win32_PageFileSetting -Arguments @{

Name = 'D:\pagefile.sys'

InitialSize = 4096

MaximumSize = 4096

}

Cum se șterge un fisier pagefile pe partitia C: cu PowerShell?

$privileges = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_computersystem -EnableAllPrivileges
$privileges.AutomaticManagedPagefile = $false
$privileges.Put()
$pagefile = Get-WmiObject -Query "select * from Win32_PageFileSetting where name='c:\\pagefile.sys'"
$pagefile.Delete() # Reboot required

$privileges = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_computersystem -EnableAllPrivileges

$privileges.AutomaticManagedPagefile = $false

$privileges.Put()

$pagefile = Get-WmiObject -Query "select * from Win32_PageFileSetting where name='c:\\pagefile.sys'"

$pagefile.Delete() # Reboot required

Maintenance

Cum se verifică fragmentarea unei partitii cu PowerShell?

$drive = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Volume -Filter "DriveLetter = 'c:'" $defragReport = $drive.DefragAnalysis() $defragReport.DefragAnalysis

1	$drive = Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Volume -Filter "DriveLetter = 'c:'" $defragReport = $drive.DefragAnalysis() $defragReport.DefragAnalysis

Cum se verifică spatiul de stocare al unei partitii cu PowerShell?

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_logicaldisk | Format-Table -Property @{
    Name       = 'Drive'
    Expression = {$_.DeviceID}
}, @{
    Name       = 'Total size (GB)'
    Expression = {[decimal]('{0:N0}' -f($_.Size/1gb))}
}, @{
    Name       = 'Free space(GB)'
    Expression = {[decimal]('{0:N0}'-f($_.Freespace/1gb))}
}, @{
    Name       = 'Free (%)'
    Expression = {'{0,6:P0}' -f(($_.Freespace/1gb) / ($_.size/1gb))}
} -AutoSize

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_logicaldisk | Format-Table -Property @{

Name = 'Drive'

Expression = {$_.DeviceID}

}, @{

Name = 'Total size (GB)'

Expression = {[decimal]('{0:N0}' -f($_.Size/1gb))}

}, @{

Name = 'Free space(GB)'

Expression = {[decimal]('{0:N0}'-f($_.Freespace/1gb))}

}, @{

Name = 'Free (%)'

Expression = {'{0,6:P0}' -f(($_.Freespace/1gb) / ($_.size/1gb))}

} -AutoSize

Files

Cum se deschide un fișier cu PowerShell?
Invoke-Item -Path 'C:\scripts\file.txt'
.'C:\scripts\file.txt'

Cum se citeşte un fișier cu PowerShell?
Get-Content -Path 'C:\scripts\file.txt'
gc "C:\scripts\file.txt" # Alias

Cum se scriu date într-un fișier cu PowerShell?

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Out-File -FilePath 'C:\scripts\file.txt' -Encoding ascii
'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Add-Content -Path file.txt
'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' > file.txt

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Out-File -FilePath 'C:\scripts\file.txt' -Encoding ascii

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Add-Content -Path file.txt

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' > file.txt

Cum se obtine numele complet/fullname al fisierului de script curent cu PowerShell?
$MyInvocation.MyCommand.Path

Cum se comprima/zip fișiere cu PowerShell?

### COMPRESS ONE FILE ###

# Powershell v5
Compress-Archive -Path $fileSource -DestinationPath $fileDestination
 
### COMPRESS ONE FOLDER ###
 
# Compress the folder 'R:\temp\zip\FolderToCompress' and created the file compressedFile.zip
Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.IO.Compression.Filesystem'
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory($folderSource,$fileDestination)
 
# Powershell v5
Compress-Archive -Path $folderSource -DestinationPath $fileDestination

### COMPRESS ONE FILE ###

# Powershell v5

Compress-Archive -Path $fileSource -DestinationPath $fileDestination

### COMPRESS ONE FOLDER ###

# Compress the folder 'R:\temp\zip\FolderToCompress' and created the file compressedFile.zip

Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.IO.Compression.Filesystem'

[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::CreateFromDirectory($folderSource,$fileDestination)

# Powershell v5

Compress-Archive -Path $folderSource -DestinationPath $fileDestination

Cum se decomprimă/unzip fișiere cu PowerShell?

### UNCOMPRESS ONE FILE ###

# Powershell v5
Expand-Archive -Path $fileSource -DestinationPath $folderDestination
 
### UNCOMPRESS ONE FOLDER ###
 
# Compress the folder 'R:\temp\zip\FolderToCompress' and created the file compressedFile.zip
Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.IO.Compression.Filesystem'
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory($fileSource, $folderDestination)

### UNCOMPRESS ONE FILE ###

# Powershell v5

Expand-Archive -Path $fileSource -DestinationPath $folderDestination

### UNCOMPRESS ONE FOLDER ###

# Compress the folder 'R:\temp\zip\FolderToCompress' and created the file compressedFile.zip

Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.IO.Compression.Filesystem'

[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::ExtractToDirectory($fileSource, $folderDestination)

Cum se pot vedea fișierele într-o arhivă ZIP cu PowerShell?
Add-Type -AssemblyName 'System.IO.Compression.Filesystem'
[System.IO.Compression.ZipFile]::OpenRead($fileZIP)

Cum se afisează dimensiunea unui fișier în KB cu PowerShell?
(Get-ChildItem -Path .\winsrv.dll).Length /1KB
(Get-ChildItem -Path .\winsrv.dll).Length /1MB
(Get-ChildItem -Path .\winsrv.dll).Length /1GB

Cum se gasesc fișiere mai mari sau mai mici de 1 GB cu PowerShell?

# Larger than 1 GB
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -ErrorVariable $errorsSearch | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Length -gt 1GB}

# Less than 1 GB
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -ErrorVariable $errorsSearch | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Length -lt 1GB}

# Larger than 1 GB

Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -ErrorVariable $errorsSearch | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Length -gt 1GB}

# Less than 1 GB

Get-ChildItem -Path C:\ -Recurse -ErrorVariable $errorsSearch | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Length -lt 1GB}

Cum se afişează numele unui fișier fără extensie cu PowerShell?
[System.IO.Path]::GetFileNameWithoutExtension('C:\Windows\system32\calc.exe') # Return calc

Cum se afişează extensia unui fișier cu PowerShell?
[System.IO.Path]::GetExtension('C:\scripts\file.txt') # Return .txt

Cum se obţine versiunea de fișier a unui fișier cu PowerShell?

(Get-Item -Path C:\Windows\System32\calc.exe).VersionInfo.FileVersion
[System.Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo('C:\Windows\system32\calc.exe').FileVersion

1 2	(Get-Item -Path C:\Windows\System32\calc.exe).VersionInfo.FileVersion [System.Diagnostics.FileVersionInfo]::GetVersionInfo('C:\Windows\system32\calc.exe').FileVersion

Cum se obtine semnatura digitala/hash al unui fișier PowerShell?
(Get-FileHash $file).Hash

Cum se obţine suma de control MD5/SHA1 a unui fișier cu PowerShell?
Get-FileHash $file -Algorithm MD5
Get-FileHash $file -Algorithm SHA1

Cum se afisează fișierele ascunse cu PowerShell?

# Display only hidden files
Get-ChildItem -Hidden -File

# Display all files (including hidden files)
Get-ChildItem -Force -File

# Display only hidden files

Get-ChildItem -Hidden -File

# Display all files (including hidden files)

Get-ChildItem -Force -File

Cum se verifica daca un fisier are o extensie cu PowerShell?

[System.IO.Path]::HasExtension('C:\hiberfil.sys')

1	[System.IO.Path]::HasExtension('C:\hiberfil.sys')

Cum se setează un fisier ca “Read Only” PowerShell?
Set-ItemProperty -Path .\file.txt -Name IsReadOnly -Value $true

Cum se modifică, pentru a afisa saptamana trecuta, atribuiere “LastWriteTime” (ultima data de intrare) a unui fișier cu PowerShell?
Set-ItemProperty -Path .\file.txt -Name LastWriteTime -Value ((Get-Date).AddDays(-7))
If not working, use Nirsoft tool: BulkFileChanger.

Cum se creează un nou fișier cu PowerShell?
New-Item -ItemType File -Path 'C:\scripts\file.txt' -Value 'FirstLine'

Cum se renumeşte un fișier cu PowerShell?
Rename-Item -Path 'C:\scripts\file.txt' -NewName 'C:\scripts\powershellguru2.txt'

Cum se pot redenumi mai multe fișiere (bulk/batch) cu PowerShell?
Get-ChildItem -Path C:\scripts\txt | Rename-Item -NewName { $_.Name -replace ' ', '_' }

Cum se șterge un fișier cu PowerShell?
Remove-Item -Path 'C:\scripts\file.txt'

Cum se afișează ultimele 10 de linii de comanda ale unui fișier cu PowerShell?
Get-Content -Path 'C:\scripts\log.txt' -Tail 10

Cum se deblocheaza mai multe fisiere dintr-un director cu PowerShell?
Get-ChildItem -Path 'C:\scripts\Modules' | Unblock-File

Cum se elimina liniile goale dintr-un fișier cu PowerShell?
(Get-Content -Path file.txt) | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.Trim() -ne '' } | Set-Content -Path file.txt

Cum se verifica existenta unui fisier cu PowerShell?

Test-Path -Path 'C:\Windows\notepad.exe' # Return True

1	Test-Path -Path 'C:\Windows\notepad.exe' # Return True

Cum se obțin cele mai noi/vechi fișiere create într-un director cu PowerShell?

Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Property CreationTime | Select-Object -Last 1 # Newest
Get-ChildItem | Sort-Object -Property CreationTime | Select-Object -First 1 # Oldest

1 2	Get-ChildItem \| Sort-Object -Property CreationTime \| Select-Object -Last 1 # Newest Get-ChildItem \| Sort-Object -Property CreationTime \| Select-Object -First 1 # Oldest

Cum se elimina linii dublate dintr-un fișier cu PowerShell?

Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Unique # Display
Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Unique | Set-Content -Path .\testing.txt # Save

1 2	Get-Content -Path .\file.txt \| Select-Object -Unique # Display Get-Content -Path .\file.txt \| Select-Object -Unique \| Set-Content -Path .\testing.txt # Save

Cum se obțin fișierele create cu mai mult/mai puțin de o luna dintr-un director/folder cu PowerShell?

$1MonthAgo = (Get-Date).AddMonths(-1)
Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -lt $1MonthAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # More
Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -gt $1MonthAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # Less

$1MonthAgo = (Get-Date).AddMonths(-1)

Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -lt $1MonthAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # More

Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -gt $1MonthAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # Less

Cum se obțin fișierele create cu mai mult/mai puțin de 1 an dintr-un director/folder cu PowerShell?

$1YearAgo = (Get-Date).AddYears(-1)
Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -lt $1YearAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # More
Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -gt $1YearAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # Less

$1YearAgo = (Get-Date).AddYears(-1)

Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -lt $1YearAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # More

Get-ChildItem | ?{$_.LastWriteTime -gt $1YearAgo} | Select-Object LastWriteTime,Name,DirectoryName # Less

Cum se exportă valoarea unei variabile într-un fișier cu PowerShell?
Set-Content -Path file.txt -Value $variable

Cum să numară fișiere de tip (* .txt) dintr-un director/folder cu PowerShell?

[System.IO.Directory]::GetFiles('C:\scripts', '*.txt').Count
(Get-ChildItem -Path 'C:\scripts' -Filter *.txt).Count
(Get-ChildItem -Path 'C:\scripts' -Filter *.txt -Recurse).Count # Recursive

[System.IO.Directory]::GetFiles('C:\scripts', '*.txt').Count

(Get-ChildItem -Path 'C:\scripts' -Filter *.txt).Count

(Get-ChildItem -Path 'C:\scripts' -Filter *.txt -Recurse).Count # Recursive

Cum se caută un șir în interiorul mai multe fișiere cu PowerShell?
Select-String -Path 'C:\*.txt' -Pattern 'Test'

Cum se afișează primul/ultima linie a unui fișier cu PowerShell /?

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Out-File -FilePath file.txt

# First Line
Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -First 1 # Returns Line1
(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt)[0] # Returns Line1

# Last Line
Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Last 1 # Returns Line3
(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt)[-1] # Returns Line3

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Out-File -FilePath file.txt

# First Line

Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -First 1 # Returns Line1

(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt)[0] # Returns Line1

# Last Line

Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Last 1 # Returns Line3

(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt)[-1] # Returns Line3

Cum se afișează un anumit numar de linie al unui fișier cu PowerShell?

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Out-File -FilePath file.txt
Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Index 0 # Returns Line1
Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Index 2 # Returns Line3

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Out-File -FilePath file.txt

Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Index 0 # Returns Line1

Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Select-Object -Index 2 # Returns Line3

Cum se numară liniile unui fișier cu PowerShell?

'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' | Out-File -FilePath file.txt
(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Measure-Object -Line).Lines # Returns 3

1 2	'Line1', 'Line2', 'Line3' \| Out-File -FilePath file.txt (Get-Content -Path .\file.txt \| Measure-Object -Line).Lines # Returns 3

Cum se numara caracterele și cuvintele continute de un fișier cu PowerShell?

'Test', 'Powershell', 'Test Powershell' | Out-File -FilePath file.txt

# Words (Return 4)
(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Measure-Object -Word).Words

# Characters (Return 23)
(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Measure-Object -Character).Characters

# Characters and ignore whitespaces (Return 22)
(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Measure-Object -Character -IgnoreWhiteSpace).Characters

'Test', 'Powershell', 'Test Powershell' | Out-File -FilePath file.txt

# Words (Return 4)

(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Measure-Object -Word).Words

# Characters (Return 23)

(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Measure-Object -Character).Characters

# Characters and ignore whitespaces (Return 22)

(Get-Content -Path .\file.txt | Measure-Object -Character -IgnoreWhiteSpace).Characters

Cum se descărca un fișier cu PowerShell?
Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'http://www.nirsoft.net/utils/searchmyfiles.zip' -OutFile 'C:\tools\searchmyfiles.zip'

Cum se afişează calea completă a unui fișier cu PowerShell?
Resolve-Path -Path .\script.ps1 # Return C:\Scripts\script.ps1

Copy

Cum se copiază un fișier într-un director/folder cu PowerShell?
Copy-Item -Path 'C:\source\file.txt' -Destination 'C:\destination'

Cum se copiază un fișier către mai multe directoare/foldere în PowerShell?

$destination = 'C:\destination\Folder1', 'C:\destination\Folder2'
$destination | Copy-Item -Path 'C:\source\file.txt' -Recurse -Destination {$_}

1 2	$destination = 'C:\destination\Folder1', 'C:\destination\Folder2' $destination \| Copy-Item -Path 'C:\source\file.txt' -Recurse -Destination {$_}

Cum se copiază mai multe fişiere intru-un singur director/folder în PowerShell?
Get-ChildItem -Path 'C:\source' -Filter *.txt | Copy-Item -Destination 'C:\destination'

Active Directory

Domain & Forest

Computers

Groups

Organizational Unit (OU)

Users

Domain & Forest

Cum se gasesc serverele “Global Catalog” din Active Directory cu PowerShell?
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest().GlobalCatalogs

Cum se gasesc site-uri din Active Directory cu PowerShell?
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest().Sites

Cum se gaseşte controlerul curent de domeniu cu PowerShell?

(Get-ADDomainController).HostName

# Solution 1
$env:LOGONSERVER

# Solution 2
[System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('logonserver')

# Solution 3
nltest.exe /dsgetdc:domain.com

(Get-ADDomainController).HostName

# Solution 1

$env:LOGONSERVER

# Solution 2

[System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('logonserver')

# Solution 3

nltest.exe /dsgetdc:domain.com

Cum se gasesc toate controlerele de domeniu într-un domeniu cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
(Get-ADDomainController -Filter *).Name

# Solution 2
(Get-ADGroupMember 'Domain Controllers').Name

# Solution 3
((Get-ADComputer -LDAPFilter '(&(objectCategory=computer)(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=8192))')).Name

# Solution 4
([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain()).DomainControllers.Name

# Solution 1

(Get-ADDomainController -Filter *).Name

# Solution 2

(Get-ADGroupMember 'Domain Controllers').Name

# Solution 3

((Get-ADComputer -LDAPFilter '(&(objectCategory=computer)(userAccountControl:1.2.840.113556.1.4.803:=8192))')).Name

# Solution 4

([System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain()).DomainControllers.Name

Cum se gasesc eșecurile de replicare ale Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Get-ADReplicationFailure dc02.domain.com # Windows 8 and 2012

Cum se stabileste cat timp un “obiect” şters este pastrat ( procedura denumita tombstone lifetime for the forest) in serverele Active Directory cu PowerShell?

(Get-ADObject -Identity "cn=Directory Service,cn=Windows NT,cn=Services,$(([adsi]('LDAP://RootDSE')).configurationNamingContext)" -Properties tombstonelifetime).tombstonelifetime

1	(Get-ADObject -Identity "cn=Directory Service,cn=Windows NT,cn=Services,$(([adsi]('LDAP://RootDSE')).configurationNamingContext)" -Properties tombstonelifetime).tombstonelifetime

Cum se obţin detaliile despre padure(forest)/domeniu din Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Get-ADDomain domain.com
Get-ADForest domain.com

1 2	Get-ADDomain domain.com Get-ADForest domain.com

Cum se obține calea containerului “Obiecte șterse” în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
(Get-ADDomain).DeletedObjectsContainer

Cum se activează funcția AD Recycle Bin în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Enable-ADOptionalFeature -Identity 'CN=Recycle Bin Feature,CN=Optional Features,CN=Directory Service,CN=Windows NT,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=domain,DC=com' -Scope ForestOrConfigurationSet -Target 'domain.com'

1	Enable-ADOptionalFeature -Identity 'CN=Recycle Bin Feature,CN=Optional Features,CN=Directory Service,CN=Windows NT,CN=Services,CN=Configuration,DC=domain,DC=com' -Scope ForestOrConfigurationSet -Target 'domain.com'

Cum se restaurează un cont AD din Cosul de reciclare/Recycle Bin în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Get-ADObject -Filter 'samaccountname -eq "powershellguru"' -IncludeDeletedObjects | Restore-ADObject

Cum se gasesc functiile FSMO cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
Get-ADForest | Format-List -Property SchemaMaster, DomainNamingMaster
Get-ADDomain | Format-List -Property PDCEmulator, RIDMaster, InfrastructureMaster

# Solution 2
netdom query fsmo

# Solution 3
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest().SchemaRoleOwner
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest().NamingRoleOwner
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().InfrastructureRoleOwner
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().PdcRoleOwner
[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().RidRoleOwner

# Solution 1

Get-ADForest | Format-List -Property SchemaMaster, DomainNamingMaster

Get-ADDomain | Format-List -Property PDCEmulator, RIDMaster, InfrastructureMaster

# Solution 2

netdom query fsmo

# Solution 3

[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest().SchemaRoleOwner

[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Forest]::GetCurrentForest().NamingRoleOwner

[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().InfrastructureRoleOwner

[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().PdcRoleOwner

[System.DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.Domain]::GetCurrentDomain().RidRoleOwner

Cum sa te conectezi la un anumit controler de domeniu cu PowerShell?
Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Server 'serverDC01'

Cum se obtine serverul de logare curent cu PowerShell?

($env:LOGONSERVER).Substring(2)
([System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('logonserver')).Substring(2)

1 2	($env:LOGONSERVER).Substring(2) ([System.Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable('logonserver')).Substring(2)

Cum se efectuează “gpupdate” pe un calculator cu PowerShell?
Invoke-GPUpdate -Computer $computer -Force -RandomDelayInMinutes 0 # Windows 2012

Groups

Cum se creează un grup nou în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

New-ADGroup -Name 'Powershell Guru' -SamAccountName powershellguru -GroupCategory Security -GroupScope Global -DisplayName 'Powershell Guru' -Path 'OU=MyOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -Description 'My account'

1	New-ADGroup -Name 'Powershell Guru' -SamAccountName powershellguru -GroupCategory Security -GroupScope Global -DisplayName 'Powershell Guru' -Path 'OU=MyOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -Description 'My account'

Cum se elimină un grup în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Remove-ADGroup -Identity 'PowershellGuru'

Cum se adaugă un utilizator la un grup în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Add-ADGroupMember "Powershell Guru" -Members powershellguru

Cum se elimină un utilizator dintr-un grup în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Remove-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' -Members powershellguru

Cum se gasesc grupuri goale (fara membri) în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Get-ADGroup -Filter * -Properties Members | Where-Object -FilterScript {-not $_.Members}

Cum se numară grupuri goale (fără membri) în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
(Get-ADGroup -Filter * -Properties Members | Where-Object -FilterScript {-not $_.Members}).Count

Cum se identifică membrii unui grup în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru').DistinguishedName
(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru').Samaccountname

# Solution 2
Get-ADGroup 'Powershell Guru' -Properties Members | Select-Object -Property Members -ExpandProperty Members | Sort-Object

# Solution 3
function Get-ADGroupMemberFast
{
    [CmdletBinding()]

    Param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$GroupName
    )

    $de = New-Object -TypeName System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry
    $ds = New-Object -TypeName System.DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher
    $ds.SearchRoot = $de
    $ds.Filter = "(cn=$group)"
    $null = $ds.PropertiesToLoad.Add('member')
    $result = $ds.FindOne()

    if($result)
    {
        $account = $result.GetDirectoryEntry()
        $account.Properties['member'] | ForEach-Object -Process {$_}
    }
}

Get-ADGroupMemberFast -GroupName 'Powershell Guru'

# Solution 1

(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru').DistinguishedName

(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru').Samaccountname

# Solution 2

Get-ADGroup 'Powershell Guru' -Properties Members | Select-Object -Property Members -ExpandProperty Members | Sort-Object

# Solution 3

function Get-ADGroupMemberFast

{

[CmdletBinding()]

Param

(

[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]

[string]$GroupName

)

$de = New-Object -TypeName System.DirectoryServices.DirectoryEntry

$ds = New-Object -TypeName System.DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher

$ds.SearchRoot = $de

$ds.Filter = "(cn=$group)"

$null = $ds.PropertiesToLoad.Add('member')

$result = $ds.FindOne()

if($result)

{

$account = $result.GetDirectoryEntry()

$account.Properties['member'] | ForEach-Object -Process {$_}

}

Get-ADGroupMemberFast -GroupName 'Powershell Guru'

Cum se identifică membrii unui grup cu membrii recursivi din Active Directory cu PowerShell?

(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' -Recursive).DistinguishedName
(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' -Recursive).Samaccountname

1 2	(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' -Recursive).DistinguishedName (Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' -Recursive).Samaccountname

Cum se stabileşte numărul de membri ai unui grup cu/fără membri recursivi din Active Directory cu PowerShell?

(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Samaccountname).Count
(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' -Recursive | Select-Object -ExpandProperty Samaccountname).Count

1 2	(Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' \| Select-Object -ExpandProperty Samaccountname).Count (Get-ADGroupMember 'Powershell Guru' -Recursive \| Select-Object -ExpandProperty Samaccountname).Count

Users

Cum se utilizează un wildcard/metacaracter în filtrul “Get-ADUser” în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# Filter
(Get-ADUser -SearchBase 'OU=myOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -Filter {name -like '*vip*'} -Properties Name).Name

# LDAPFilter
(Get-ADUser -SearchBase 'OU=myOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -LDAPFilter '(name=*vip*)' -Properties Name).Name

# With a variable
$user = '*vip*'
(Get-ADUser -SearchBase 'OU=myOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -Filter {name -like $user} -Properties Name).Name

# Filter

(Get-ADUser -SearchBase 'OU=myOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -Filter {name -like '*vip*'} -Properties Name).Name

# LDAPFilter

(Get-ADUser -SearchBase 'OU=myOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -LDAPFilter '(name=*vip*)' -Properties Name).Name

# With a variable

$user = '*vip*'

(Get-ADUser -SearchBase 'OU=myOU,DC=domain,DC=com' -Filter {name -like $user} -Properties Name).Name

Cum se mută un utilizator in alt OU în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Move-ADObject -Identity $dn -TargetPath 'OU=myOU,DC=domain,DC=com'

Cum se gasesc toti menbrii care sunt (Nested)/suprapusi pentru un utilizator cu PowerShell?
Get-ADGroup -LDAPFilter "(member:1.2.840.113556.1.4.1941:=$($dn))"

Cum se obtine (nume scurt/ redus) al membrilor pentru un utilizator cu PowerShell?
(Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties MemberOf).MemberOf | ForEach-Object -Process {($_ -split ',')[0].Substring(3)} | Sort-Object

Cum se redenumesc numele: (FullName)/Nume complet, (DisplayName)/nume afisat, (givenName)/nume dat,(FirstName)/prenume și (LastName)/Nume pentru un cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Set-ADUser $samAccountName -DisplayName 'DisplayName' -GivenName 'Test' -Surname 'Powershell' -DisplayName 'Test Powershell'
Rename-ADObject $dn -NewName 'Test Powershell' #FullName

1 2	Set-ADUser $samAccountName -DisplayName 'DisplayName' -GivenName 'Test' -Surname 'Powershell' -DisplayName 'Test Powershell' Rename-ADObject $dn -NewName 'Test Powershell' #FullName

Cum se schimbă descrierea, Oficiul și (Tele)/numărul de telefon pentru un cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Set-ADUser $samAccountName -Description 'IT Consultant' -Office 'Building B' -OfficePhone '12345'

Cum se setează data de expirare in “31/12/2015” sau “Niciodată” pentru un cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# 31/12/2015
Set-ADAccountExpiration $samAccountName -DateTime '01/01/2016'

# Never
Clear-ADAccountExpiration $samAccountName

# 31/12/2015

Set-ADAccountExpiration $samAccountName -DateTime '01/01/2016'

# Never

Clear-ADAccountExpiration $samAccountName

Cum se deblochează un cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Unlock-ADAccount $samAccountName

Cum se activeză / dezactivează un cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Disable-ADAccount $samAccountName
Enable-ADAccount $samAccountName

1 2	Disable-ADAccount $samAccountName Enable-ADAccount $samAccountName

Cum se elimină un cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Remove-ADUser $samAccountName

Cum se resetează parola pentru un cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1 : ask password
$password = Read-Host -Prompt 'New Password' -AsSecureString

# Solution 2 : specify password
$password = ConvertTo-SecureString -String 'Q>9xYMw<3?' -AsPlainText -Force

Get-ADUser -Filter "samaccountname -like 'helpdeskagent*'" | Set-ADAccountPassword -NewPassword $newpwd -Reset -PassThru | Set-ADuser -ChangePasswordAtLogon $true

# Solution 1 : ask password

$password = Read-Host -Prompt 'New Password' -AsSecureString

# Solution 2 : specify password

$password = ConvertTo-SecureString -String 'Q>9xYMw<3?' -AsPlainText -Force

Get-ADUser -Filter "samaccountname -like 'helpdeskagent*'" | Set-ADAccountPassword -NewPassword $newpwd -Reset -PassThru | Set-ADuser -ChangePasswordAtLogon $true

Cum se resetează parola pentru mai multe conturi de utilizator (bulk)/(vrac) în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1 : ask password
$password = Read-Host -Prompt 'New Password' -AsSecureString

# Solution 2 : specify password
$password = ConvertTo-SecureString -String 'Q>9xYMw<3?' -AsPlainText -Force

Get-ADUser -Filter "samaccountname -like 'helpdeskagent*'" | Set-ADAccountPassword -NewPassword $newpwd -Reset -PassThru | Set-ADuser -ChangePasswordAtLogon $true

# Solution 1 : ask password

$password = Read-Host -Prompt 'New Password' -AsSecureString

# Solution 2 : specify password

$password = ConvertTo-SecureString -String 'Q>9xYMw<3?' -AsPlainText -Force

Get-ADUser -Filter "samaccountname -like 'helpdeskagent*'" | Set-ADAccountPassword -NewPassword $newpwd -Reset -PassThru | Set-ADuser -ChangePasswordAtLogon $true

Cum se gaseste proprietarul unui fișier în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$user = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.NTAccount -ArgumentList (Get-Acl -Path 'userFile.txt').Owner
$sid = $user.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]).Value
Get-ADUser $sid

$user = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.NTAccount -ArgumentList (Get-Acl -Path 'userFile.txt').Owner

$sid = $user.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier]).Value

Get-ADUser $sid

Cum se gaseşte OU (Organizational Unit) pentru un utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
[regex]::match("$((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties DistinguishedName).DistinguishedName)",'(?=OU=)(.*\n?)').value

Cum se gasesc conturile utilizatorilor scoase din uz in Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Search-ADAccount -AccountDisabled
Get-ADUser -Filter {Enabled -ne $true}

1 2	Search-ADAccount -AccountDisabled Get-ADUser -Filter {Enabled -ne $true}

Cum se gasesc conturile utilizatorilor expirate din Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Search-ADAccount -AccountExpired

Cum să gasesti conturi de utilizator blocate din Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Search-ADAccount -LockedOut

Cum sa gaseşti SID-ul unui cont de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
(Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties SID).SID.Value

Cum se converteste un nume de utilizator in SID în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$user = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.NTAccount -ArgumentList ('DOMAIN', 'user')
$SID = ($user.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value

1 2	$user = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.NTAccount -ArgumentList ('DOMAIN', 'user') $SID = ($user.Translate([System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier])).Value

Cum se converteşte un SID in nume de utilizator în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$SID = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier -ArgumentList ('SID')
$user = ($SID.Translate( [System.Security.Principal.NTAccount])).Value

1 2	$SID = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.Principal.SecurityIdentifier -ArgumentList ('SID') $user = ($SID.Translate( [System.Security.Principal.NTAccount])).Value

Cum se imparte Numele distins/Distinguished Name al unui cont de utilizator cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$dn = 'CN=Powershell Test,OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com'
$dn.Split(',')[0] # Returns "CN=Powershell Test"
$dn.Split(',')[0].Split('=')[1] # Returns "Powershell Test"

$dn = 'CN=Powershell Test,OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com'

$dn.Split(',')[0] # Returns "CN=Powershell Test"

$dn.Split(',')[0].Split('=')[1] # Returns "Powershell Test"

Cum se gaseste data de creare/modificare al unui cont de utilizator cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties whenChanged, whenCreated | Format-List -Property whenChanged, whenCreated

Cum se afişează proprietățile opționale și obligatorii pentru clasa “User”/Utilizator cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$schema = [DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.ActiveDirectorySchema]::GetCurrentSchema()
$schema.FindClass('user').mandatoryproperties | Format-Table
$schema.FindClass('user').optionalproperties | Format-Table

$schema = [DirectoryServices.ActiveDirectory.ActiveDirectorySchema]::GetCurrentSchema()

$schema.FindClass('user').mandatoryproperties | Format-Table

$schema.FindClass('user').optionalproperties | Format-Table

Cum se obține calea LDAP pentru un utilizator cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$searcher = New-Object -TypeName DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher -ArgumentList ([ADSI]'')
$searcher.Filter = "(&(objectClass=user)(sAMAccountName= $user))"
$searcher = $searcher.FindOne()
$pathLDAP = $searcher.Path

$searcher = New-Object -TypeName DirectoryServices.DirectorySearcher -ArgumentList ([ADSI]'')

$searcher.Filter = "(&(objectClass=user)(sAMAccountName= $user))"

$searcher = $searcher.FindOne()

$pathLDAP = $searcher.Path

Cum se schimbă CN (Canonical Name)/Numele canonic, pentru un utilizator cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Rename-ADObject $((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties DistinguishedName).DistinguishedName) -NewName 'Test Powershell'

Cum se obține unitatea organizațională (OU) sursa, a unui utilizator cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$dn = (Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties DistinguishedName).DistinguishedName
$parent = $dn.Split(',',2)[1]

1 2	$dn = (Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties DistinguishedName).DistinguishedName $parent = $dn.Split(',',2)[1]

Cum se obține proprietarul unui utilizator (care a creat contul), cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$dn = (Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties DistinguishedName).DistinguishedName
$owner = (Get-Acl -Path "AD:$dn").Owner

1 2	$dn = (Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties DistinguishedName).DistinguishedName $owner = (Get-Acl -Path "AD:$dn").Owner

Cum se converteşte atributul pwdLastSet pentru un utilizator cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
[DateTime]::FromFileTime((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties pwdLastSet).pwdLastSet)

# Solution 2
w32tm /ntte 130787549514737594

# Solution 1

[DateTime]::FromFileTime((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties pwdLastSet).pwdLastSet)

# Solution 2

w32tm /ntte 130787549514737594

Computers

Cum se testează canalul securizat între computer și domeniu cu PowerShell?
Test-ComputerSecureChannel

Cum se repară canalul securizat între computer şi domeniu cu PowerShell?
Test-ComputerSecureChannel -Repair

Cum se dezactivează un cont de computer în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Disable-ADAccount $computer

Cum se gasesc computere cu anumite sisteme de operare din Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "CentOS"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "GNU/Linux"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Linux"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Mac OS X"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "OnTap"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "redhat-linux-gnu"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Samba"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Ubuntu"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows NT"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 2000 Professional"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 2000 Server"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows XP Professional"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2003"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Vista™ Business"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Vista™ Enterprise"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Vista™ Entreprise"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 7 Enterprise"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 7 Professional"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 7 Ultimate"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server® 2008 Enterprise"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 8 Enterprise"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 8.1 Enterprise"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard"'
Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2012 Standard"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "CentOS"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "GNU/Linux"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Linux"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Mac OS X"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "OnTap"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "redhat-linux-gnu"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Samba"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Ubuntu"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows NT"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 2000 Professional"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 2000 Server"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows XP Professional"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2003"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Vista™ Business"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Vista™ Enterprise"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Vista™ Entreprise"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 7 Enterprise"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 7 Professional"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 7 Ultimate"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2008 R2 Enterprise"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2008 R2 Standard"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server® 2008 Enterprise"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 8 Enterprise"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows 8.1 Enterprise"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2012 R2 Standard"'

Get-ADComputer -Filter 'OperatingSystem -eq "Windows Server 2012 Standard"'

Organizational Unit (OU)

Cum se creează o unitate organizațională (OU), în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
New-ADOrganizationalUnit -Name 'TEST' -Path 'DC=domain,DC=com'

Cum se obțin detalii despre unitate organizațională (OU) în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Get-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -Properties *

Cum se schimbă descrierea unei unități organizaționale (OU), în Active Directory cu PowerShell?
Set-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -Description 'My description'

Cum se poate activa/dezactiva o unitate organizațională (OU) de la ștergerea accidentală în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# Protection ON
Set-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $true

# Protection OFF
Set-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $false

# Protection ON

Set-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $true

# Protection OFF

Set-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $false

Cum se poate activa ștergerea accidentală pentru toate unitatea organizațională (OU), în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Get-ADOrganizationalUnit -Filter * -Property ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion | Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion -eq $false } | Set-ADOrganizationalUnit -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $true

1	Get-ADOrganizationalUnit -Filter * -Property ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion \| Where-Object -FilterScript { $_.ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion -eq $false } \| Set-ADOrganizationalUnit -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $true

Cum se șterge o unitate organizațională (OU) protejat de ștergerea accidentală în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

Set-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $false
Remove-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com'

1 2	Set-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com' -ProtectedFromAccidentalDeletion $false Remove-ADOrganizationalUnit 'OU=TEST,DC=domain,DC=com'

Cum se converteşte un DistinguishedName al unei unitaţi organizationale (OU),in CanonicalName cu Active Directory cu PowerShell?

$parent = $dn.Split(',',2)[1]
$parent = (Get-ADOrganizationalUnit $parent -Properties CanonicalName).CanonicalName

1 2	$parent = $dn.Split(',',2)[1] $parent = (Get-ADOrganizationalUnit $parent -Properties CanonicalName).CanonicalName

Cum se afiseaza, listează unitățile organizaționale goale (OUs) cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
Get-ADOrganizationalUnit -Filter * -Property 'msDS-Approx-Immed-Subordinates' | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.'msDS-Approx-Immed-Subordinates' -eq 0}

# Solution 2
([adsisearcher]'(objectclass=organizationalunit)').FindAll() | Where-Object -FilterScript { (([adsi]$_.Path).PSbase.Children | Measure-Object).Count -eq 0 }

# Solution 1

Get-ADOrganizationalUnit -Filter * -Property 'msDS-Approx-Immed-Subordinates' | Where-Object -FilterScript {$_.'msDS-Approx-Immed-Subordinates' -eq 0}

# Solution 2

([adsisearcher]'(objectclass=organizationalunit)').FindAll() | Where-Object -FilterScript { (([adsi]$_.Path).PSbase.Children | Measure-Object).Count -eq 0 }

Cum se obține managerul unui grup cu PowerShell?
(Get-ADGroup $dn -Properties Managedby).Managedby

Regex (Regular Expression)

Cum se extrage o adresă IP v4 (80.80.228.8), cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'The IP address is 80.80.228.8'
$ip = [regex]::match($example,'\b\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\b').value

Cum se extrage o adresă MAC (C0-D9-62-39-61-2D) cu separator “-” cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'The MAC address is C0-D9-62-39-61-2D'
$mac = [regex]::match($example,'([0-9A-F]{2}[-]){5}([0-9A-F]{2})').value

Cum se extrage o adresă MAC (C0: D9: 62: 39: 61: 2D) cu separator “:” cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'The MAC address is C0:D9:62:39:61:2D'
$mac = [regex]::match($example,'((\d|([a-f]|[A-F])){2}:){5}(\d|([a-f]|[A-F])){2}').value

Cum se extrage o dată (10/02/2015), cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'The date is 10/02/2015'
$date = [regex]::match($example,'(\d{2}\/\d{2}\/\d{4})').value

Cum se extrage un URL (www.powershell-guru.com), cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'The URL is www.powershell-guru.com'
$url = [regex]::match($example,'[a-z]+[:.].*?(?=\s)').value

Cum se extrage un e-mail (user@domain.com), cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'The email is user@domain.com'
$email = [regex]::match($example,'(?i)\b[A-Z0-9._%+-]+@[A-Z0-9.-]+\.[A-Z]{2,4}\b').value

Cum se extrage “guru” din exemplul de șir cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'www.powershell-guru.com'
[regex]::match($example,'(?<=-)(.*\n?)(?=.com)').value

Cum se extrage “guru.com” din exemplul de șir cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'www.powershell-guru.com'
[regex]::match($example,'(?<=-)(.*\n?)(?<=.)').value

Cum se extrage “powershell-guru.com” din exemplul de șir cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'www.powershell-guru.com'
[regex]::match($example,'(?<=www.)(.*\n?)').value

Cum se extrage “123” din exemplul de șir cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'Powershell123'
[regex]::match($example,'(\d+)').value

Cum se extrage “$” (semnul dolar), din exemplul de șir cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'Powershell`$123'
[regex]::match($example,'(\$)').value

Cum se înlocuieşte un caracter (* .com) cu un altul (* .fr) într-un șir cu Regex cu PowerShell?
$example = 'www.powershell-guru.com'
[regex]::Replace($example, '.com','.fr')

Cum se iese dintr-un șir cu Regex cu PowerShell?
[regex]::Escape('\\server\share')

Memory

Cum se forţează o colecție de memorie de catre colectorul de gunoi cu PowerShell?
[System.GC]::Collect()
[System.GC]::WaitForPendingFinalizers()

Cum se obține dimensiunea RAM a unui computer cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
Get-CimInstance -ClassName 'cim_physicalmemory' | ForEach-Object -Process {$_.Capacity /1GB}

# Solution 2
(Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_ComputerSystem).TotalPhysicalMemory /1GB

# Solution 3
(systeminfo.exe | Select-String -Pattern 'Total Physical Memory:').ToString().Split(':')[1].Trim()

# Solution 1

Get-CimInstance -ClassName 'cim_physicalmemory' | ForEach-Object -Process {$_.Capacity /1GB}

# Solution 2

(Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_ComputerSystem).TotalPhysicalMemory /1GB

# Solution 3

(systeminfo.exe | Select-String -Pattern 'Total Physical Memory:').ToString().Split(':')[1].Trim()

Date

Cum se obține data curentă cu PowerShell?
Get-Date
[Datetime]::Now

Cum se afişează data în formate diferite, cu PowerShell?

### DATETIME ###

Get-Date -Format D             : Tuesday, June 30, 2015                                                                                                                                                                 
Get-Date -Format f             : Tuesday, June 30, 2015 3:22 PM                                                                                                                                                            
Get-Date -Format F             : Tuesday, June 30, 2015 3:22:58 PM                                                                                                                                                          
Get-Date -Format g             : 6/30/2015 3:23 PM                                                                                                                                                               
Get-Date -Format G             : 6/30/2015 3:23:30 PM

Get-Date -DisplayHint Date     : Tuesday, June 30, 2015
Get-Date -DisplayHint DateTime : Tuesday, June 30, 2015 3:31:21 PM

### DATE ###

Get-Date -Format d             : 6/30/2015                                                                                                                                                                     
Get-Date -Format yyyyMMdd      : 20150630

Get-Date -UFormat '%d%m%Y'     : 30062015
Get-Date -UFormat '%m%d%Y'     : 06302015
Get-Date -UFormat '%Y%m%d'     : 20150630

Get-Date -UFormat '%d.%m.%Y'   : 30.06.2015
Get-Date -UFormat '%m.%d.%Y'   : 06.30.2015
Get-Date -UFormat '%Y.%m.%d'   : 2015.06.30

Get-Date -UFormat '%d-%m-%Y'   : 30-06-2015
Get-Date -UFormat '%m-%d-%Y'   : 06-30-2015
Get-Date -UFormat '%Y-%m-%d'   : 2015-06-30

Get-Date -UFormat '%d/%m/%Y'   : 30/06/2015
Get-Date -UFormat '%m/%d/%Y'   : 06/30/2015
Get-Date -UFormat '%Y/%m/%d'   : 2015/06/30

### HOUR ###
Get-Date -Format t             : 3:23 PM                                                                                                                                                                          
Get-Date -Format T             : 3:23:30 PM 
Get-Date -Format HH            : 15 (Hour)
Get-Date -Format mm            : 28 (Minute)
Get-Date -Format ss            : 30 (Seconds)
Get-Date -DisplayHint Time     : 3:23:30 PM

### DAY ###
Get-Date -Format dddd          : Tuesday
Get-Date -Format ddd           : Tue
Get-Date -Format dd            : 30

### MONTH ###
Get-Date -Format MMMM          : June
Get-Date -Format MMM           : Jun
Get-Date -Format MM            : 06

### YEAR ###
Get-Date -Format yyyy          : 2015

### DATETIME ###

Get-Date -Format D : Tuesday, June 30, 2015

Get-Date -Format f : Tuesday, June 30, 2015 3:22 PM

Get-Date -Format F : Tuesday, June 30, 2015 3:22:58 PM

Get-Date -Format g : 6/30/2015 3:23 PM

Get-Date -Format G : 6/30/2015 3:23:30 PM

Get-Date -DisplayHint Date : Tuesday, June 30, 2015

Get-Date -DisplayHint DateTime : Tuesday, June 30, 2015 3:31:21 PM

### DATE ###

Get-Date -Format d : 6/30/2015

Get-Date -Format yyyyMMdd : 20150630

Get-Date -UFormat '%d%m%Y' : 30062015

Get-Date -UFormat '%m%d%Y' : 06302015

Get-Date -UFormat '%Y%m%d' : 20150630

Get-Date -UFormat '%d.%m.%Y' : 30.06.2015

Get-Date -UFormat '%m.%d.%Y' : 06.30.2015

Get-Date -UFormat '%Y.%m.%d' : 2015.06.30

Get-Date -UFormat '%d-%m-%Y' : 30-06-2015

Get-Date -UFormat '%m-%d-%Y' : 06-30-2015

Get-Date -UFormat '%Y-%m-%d' : 2015-06-30

Get-Date -UFormat '%d/%m/%Y' : 30/06/2015

Get-Date -UFormat '%m/%d/%Y' : 06/30/2015

Get-Date -UFormat '%Y/%m/%d' : 2015/06/30

### HOUR ###

Get-Date -Format t : 3:23 PM

Get-Date -Format T : 3:23:30 PM

Get-Date -Format HH : 15 (Hour)

Get-Date -Format mm : 28 (Minute)

Get-Date -Format ss : 30 (Seconds)

Get-Date -DisplayHint Time : 3:23:30 PM

### DAY ###

Get-Date -Format dddd : Tuesday

Get-Date -Format ddd : Tue

Get-Date -Format dd : 30

### MONTH ###

Get-Date -Format MMMM : June

Get-Date -Format MMM : Jun

Get-Date -Format MM : 06

### YEAR ###

Get-Date -Format yyyy : 2015

Cum se converteşte o dată (Datetime) intr-o dată tip (String) cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
$datetimeToString = '{0:MM/dd/yy}' -f (Get-Date '07/15/2015')

# Solution 2
$datetimeToString = (Get-Date '07/15/2015').ToShortDateString()

# Check

$datetimeToString
07/15/15

$datetimeToString.GetType().Name
String

# Solution 1

$datetimeToString = '{0:MM/dd/yy}' -f (Get-Date '07/15/2015')

# Solution 2

$datetimeToString = (Get-Date '07/15/2015').ToShortDateString()

# Check

$datetimeToString

07/15/15

$datetimeToString.GetType().Name

String

Cum se converteşte o dată tip (String) intr-o dată tip (Datetime) cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
$stringToDatetime = '07/15/2015' | Get-Date
$stringToDatetime = '07-15-2015' | Get-Date

# Solution 2
[Datetime]::ParseExact('07/15/2015', 'MM/dd/yyyy', $null)

# Solution 3
$stringToDatetime = [Datetime]'7/15/2015'

# Check

$stringToDatetime
Wednesday, July 15, 2015 12:00:00 AM

$stringToDatetime.GetType().Name
Datetime

# Solution 1

$stringToDatetime = '07/15/2015' | Get-Date

$stringToDatetime = '07-15-2015' | Get-Date

# Solution 2

[Datetime]::ParseExact('07/15/2015', 'MM/dd/yyyy', $null)

# Solution 3

$stringToDatetime = [Datetime]'7/15/2015'

# Check

$stringToDatetime

Wednesday, July 15, 2015 12:00:00 AM

$stringToDatetime.GetType().Name

Datetime

Cum se calculează diferența (numărul de zile, ore, minute sau secunde) între două date cu PowerShell?
(New-TimeSpan -Start $dateStart -End $dateEnd).Days
(New-TimeSpan -Start $dateStart -End $dateEnd).Hours
(New-TimeSpan -Start $dateStart -End $dateEnd).Minutes
(New-TimeSpan -Start $dateStart -End $dateEnd).Seconds

Cum se compara două date cu PowerShell?
(Get-Date 2015-01-01) -lt (Get-Date 2015-01-30) # True
(Get-Date 2015-01-01) -gt (Get-Date 2015-01-30) # False

Cum se sortează o serie de date ca “Datetime” cu PowerShell?
$arrayDate | Sort-Object -Property {$_ -as [Datetime]}

Cum se porneşte si se opreşte un cronometru cu PowerShell?
$chrono = [Diagnostics.Stopwatch]::StartNew()
$chrono.Stop()
$chrono

Cum se obține ziua curentă a săptămânii cu PowerShell?
(Get-Date).DayOfWeek #Sunday

Cum se obține dată de ieri cu PowerShell?
(Get-Date).AddDays(-1)

Cum se obține numărul de zile dintr-o lună (în februarie 2015) cu PowerShell?
[DateTime]::DaysInMonth(2015, 2)

Cum se afla dacă anul este bisect cu PowerShell
[DateTime]::IsLeapYear(2015)

Cum se afișează fusele orare cu PowerShell?
[System.TimeZoneInfo]::GetSystemTimeZones()

Networking

Cum se codifica (în format ASCII) și decodifică un URL cu PowerShell?

# Encode
$url = 'http://www.powershell-guru.com'
$encoded = [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($url)

# Decode
$decoded = [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlDecode($encoded) 

# Encoded : http%3a%2f%2fwww.powershell-guru.com
# Decoded : http://www.powershell-guru.com

# Encode

$url = 'http://www.powershell-guru.com'

$encoded = [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlEncode($url)

# Decode

$decoded = [System.Web.HttpUtility]::UrlDecode($encoded)

# Encoded : http%3a%2f%2fwww.powershell-guru.com

# Decoded : http://www.powershell-guru.com

Care sunt echivalentele comenzilor native de retea cu PowerShell?

# ipconfig
Get-NetIPConfiguration
Get-NetIPAddress

# ping 
Test-NetConnection 

# tracert
Test-NetConnection -TraceRoute

# route
Get-NetRoute

# nslookup
Resolve-DnsName # Windows 8.1 & Windows 2012
([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($IP)).Hostname # IP > PC
([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($computer)).IPAddressToString # PC > IP

# ipconfig

Get-NetIPConfiguration

Get-NetIPAddress

# ping

Test-NetConnection

# tracert

Test-NetConnection -TraceRoute

# route

Get-NetRoute

# nslookup

Resolve-DnsName # Windows 8.1 & Windows 2012

([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($IP)).Hostname # IP > PC

([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($computer)).IPAddressToString # PC > IP

Cum se obține adrese IP cu PowerShell?
Get-NetIPAddress # Windows 8.1 & Windows 2012
Get-NetIPConfiguration # Windows 8.1 & Windows 2012

Cum se dezactivează adresă IP v6 (IPv6), cu PowerShell?

New-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip6\Parameters' -Name 'DisabledComponents' -Value '0xFFFFFFFF' -PropertyType"DWORD" # Reboot required

1	New-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\Tcpip6\Parameters' -Name 'DisabledComponents' -Value '0xFFFFFFFF' -PropertyType"DWORD" # Reboot required

Cum se validează o adresă IP v4 (IPv4) cu PowerShell?
if([ipaddress]'10.0.0.1'){'validated'}

Cum se gaseste o adresa IP externă cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
(Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'myexternalip.com/raw').Content
(iwr -Uri 'myexternalip.com/raw').Content # Alias

# Solution 2
$webClient = New-Object -TypeName System.Net.WebClient
$webClient.DownloadString('http://myexternalip.com/raw')

# Solution 3
while ($true)
{
    Write-Output -InputObject "$(Get-Date) - $((Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'http://myexternalip.com/raw' -Method Get).Content)"
    Start-Sleep -Seconds 300
}

# Solution 1

(Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'myexternalip.com/raw').Content

(iwr -Uri 'myexternalip.com/raw').Content # Alias

# Solution 2

$webClient = New-Object -TypeName System.Net.WebClient

$webClient.DownloadString('http://myexternalip.com/raw')

# Solution 3

while ($true)

{

Write-Output -InputObject "$(Get-Date) - $((Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'http://myexternalip.com/raw' -Method Get).Content)"

Start-Sleep -Seconds 300

}

Cum se gaseste Hostname/nume de gazdă dintr-o adresă IP cu PowerShell?
([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostEntry($IP)).Hostname

Cum se gaseste o adresa IP de la un Hostname/nume gazdă cu PowerShell?
([System.Net.Dns]::GetHostAddresses($computer)).IPAddressToString

Cum se gaseste FQDN-ul pentru un nume de utilizator cu PowerShell?
[System.Net.Dns]::GetHostByName($computer).HostName

Cum se gaseşte configurația de rețea (IP, Subnet, Gateway si DNS), cu PowerShell?

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | Format-Table -Property Description, IpAddress, IPSubnet, DefaultIPGateway, DNSServerSearchOrder

1	Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration \| Format-Table -Property Description, IpAddress, IPSubnet, DefaultIPGateway, DNSServerSearchOrder

Cum se gaseşte adresa MAC cu PowerShell?
Get-CimInstance win32_networkadapterconfiguration | Select-Object -Property Description, Macaddress
Get-WmiObject -Class win32_networkadapterconfiguration | Select-Object -Property Description, Macaddress

Cum se dă ping/impuls de date unui calculator cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
Test-Connection -ComputerName $computer -Quiet # Returns True / False

# Solution 2
$ping = New-Object -TypeName System.Net.Networkinformation.Ping
$ping.Send($computer)

# Solution 1

Test-Connection -ComputerName $computer -Quiet # Returns True / False

# Solution 2

$ping = New-Object -TypeName System.Net.Networkinformation.Ping

$ping.Send($computer)

Cum se verifică dacă un calculator este conectat la Internet cu PowerShell?

[Activator]::CreateInstance([Type]::GetTypeFromCLSID([Guid]'{DCB00C01-570F-4A9B-8D69-199FDBA5723B}')).IsConnectedToInternet

1	[Activator]::CreateInstance([Type]::GetTypeFromCLSID([Guid]'{DCB00C01-570F-4A9B-8D69-199FDBA5723B}')).IsConnectedToInternet

Cum se efectuează o interogare “whois” pentru un site web cu PowerShell?
$whois = New-WebServiceProxy 'http://www.webservicex.net/whois.asmx?WSDL'
$whois.GetWhoIs('powershell-guru.com')

Cum se obțin detalii despre IP-uri publice (Geolocation) cu PowerShell?

$externalIP = (Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'myexternalip.com/raw').Content
$detailsIP = ([xml](Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "http://freegeoip.net/xml/$externalIP" -UseBasicParsing).Content).Response

1 2	$externalIP = (Invoke-WebRequest -Uri 'myexternalip.com/raw').Content $detailsIP = ([xml](Invoke-WebRequest -Uri "http://freegeoip.net/xml/$externalIP" -UseBasicParsing).Content).Response

Cum se verifică dacă un port este deschis/închis cu PowerShell?
New-Object -TypeName Net.Sockets.TcpClient -ArgumentList $computer, 135

Cum se efectuează procedura “tracert” cu PowerShell?
Test-NetConnection www.google.com -TraceRoute

Cum se repara un profil de conexiune de rețea cu PowerShell?
Get-NetAdapter | Format-Table -Property Name, InterfaceDescription, ifIndex -AutoSize # Windows 8.1
Set-NetConnectionProfile -InterfaceIndex 6 -NetworkCategory Private

Cum se afișează conexiunile TCP port cu PowerShell?
netstat.exe -ano
Get-NetTCPConnection #Windows 8 and 2012

Cum se scurtează un URL lung intr-un URL mic cu PowerShell?
$url = 'www.powershell-guru.com'
$tiny = Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "http://tinyurl.com/api-create.php?url=$url"

Cum se obțin setările proxy cu PowerShell?
Get-ItemProperty -Path HKCU:"Software\Microsoft\Windows\CurrentVersion\Internet Settings"

DNS

Cum se poate verifica memoria cache DNS pe computerul local cu PowerShell?
ipconfig.exe /displaydns
Get-DnsClientCache #Windows 8 and 2012

Cum se îndepărtează memoria cache DNS pe computerul local cu PowerShell?
ipconfig.exe /flushdns
Start-Process -FilePath ipconfig -ArgumentList /flushdns -WindowStyle Hidden
Clear-DnsClientCache #Windows 8 and 2012

Cum se îndepărtează memoria cache DNS pe computerele aflate la distanta cu PowerShell?
Invoke-Command -ScriptBlock {Clear-DnsClientCache} -ComputerName computer01, computer02

Cum se citeste Host file/fișierul gazda cu PowerShell?
Get-Content -Path 'C:\Windows\system32\drivers\etc\hosts'

Password

Cum se poate genera o parola aleatoare cu PowerShell?
[Reflection.Assembly]::LoadWithPartialName('System.Web')
[System.Web.Security.Membership]::GeneratePassword(30,2)

Cum se schimba parola locala pentru un administrator pe un server de la distanță cu PowerShell?
$admin = [ADSI]('WinNT://server01/administrator,user')
$admin.SetPassword($password)
$admin.SetInfo()

Cum se afla data expirării parolei unui cont în Active Directory cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
[DateTime]::FromFileTime((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties 'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed').'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed')

# Solution 2
Get-Date -Date ((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties 'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed' | Select-Object -Property @{
            Name       = 'ExpiryDate'
            Expression = {[DateTime]::FromFileTime($_.'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed')}
}).ExpiryDate)-Format 'F'

# Solution 1

[DateTime]::FromFileTime((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties 'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed').'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed')

# Solution 2

Get-Date -Date ((Get-ADUser -Identity $user -Properties 'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed' | Select-Object -Property @{

Name = 'ExpiryDate'

Expression = {[DateTime]::FromFileTime($_.'msDS-UserPasswordExpiryTimeComputed')}

}).ExpiryDate)-Format 'F'

Printers

Cum se listează toate imprimantele pentru un anumit server cu PowerShell?
Get-WmiObject -Query 'Select * From Win32_Printer' -ComputerName $computer

Cum se listează toate porturile pentru un anumit server cu PowerShell?
Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_TCPIPPrinterPort -Namespace 'root\CIMV2' -ComputerName $computer

Cum se schimbă comentariu / locația pentru o imprimantă cu PowerShell?

$printer = Get-WmiObject -Class win32_printer -Filter "Name='HP Deskjet 2540 series'"
$printer.Location = 'Germany'
$printer.Comment = 'Printer - Test'
$printer.Put()

$printer = Get-WmiObject -Class win32_printer -Filter "Name='HP Deskjet 2540 series'"

$printer.Location = 'Germany'

$printer.Comment = 'Printer - Test'

$printer.Put()

Cum se curaţă/purge (anulează toate sarcinile) pentru o imprimantă cu PowerShell?
$printer = Get-WmiObject -Class win32_printer -Filter "Name='HP Deskjet 2540 series'"
$printer.CancelAllJobs()

Cum se imprimă imprima o pagină de test pentru o imprimantă cu PowerShell?
$printer = Get-WmiObject -Class win32_printer -Filter "Name='HP Deskjet 2540 series'"
$printer.PrintTestPage()

Cum se obtin listele de tipărire pentru imprimante cu PowerShell?

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PerfFormattedData_Spooler_PrintQueue | Select-Object -Property Name, @{
    Expression = {$_.jobs}
    Label      = 'Current Jobs'
} | Format-Table -AutoSize

Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PerfFormattedData_Spooler_PrintQueue | Select-Object -Property Name, @{

Expression = {$_.jobs}

Label = 'Current Jobs'

} | Format-Table -AutoSize

Regedit

Read

Cum se listează multimea de regiştrii cu PowerShell?
Get-ChildItem -Path Registry::

Cum se obțin valorile de registru și tipuri de valoare cu PowerShell?

function Get-RegistryValue
{
    Param
    (
        [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]
        [string]$RegistryKey
    )
 
    $key = Get-Item -Path "Registry::$RegistryKey"
    $key.GetValueNames() | Sort-Object | ForEach-Object -Process {
 
        $name = $_
        $type = $key.GetValueKind($name)
 
        switch ($type) 
        { 
            'String'      {'REG_SZ'} 
            'Binary'      {'REG_BINARY'} 
            'Dword'       {'REG_DWORD'}
            'Qword'       {'REG_QWORD'}
            'MultiString' {'REG_MULTI_SZ'}
            'ExpandString'{'REG_EXPAND_SZ'}
            Default       {$null}
        }

        [PSCustomObject]@{
            Name = $name
            Type = $type
            Data = $key.GetValue($name)
        }
 
    }
}

function Get-RegistryValue

{

Param

(

[Parameter(Mandatory = $true)]

[string]$RegistryKey

)

$key = Get-Item -Path "Registry::$RegistryKey"

$key.GetValueNames() | Sort-Object | ForEach-Object -Process {

$name = $_

$type = $key.GetValueKind($name)

switch ($type)

{

'String' {'REG_SZ'}

'Binary' {'REG_BINARY'}

'Dword' {'REG_DWORD'}

'Qword' {'REG_QWORD'}

'MultiString' {'REG_MULTI_SZ'}

'ExpandString'{'REG_EXPAND_SZ'}

Default {$null}

}

[PSCustomObject]@{

Name = $name

Type = $type

Data = $key.GetValue($name)

}

Cum se listyează subcheile si cheile de registru/registry cu PowerShell?

#HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
New-PSDrive -PSProvider Registry -Root HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT -Name HKCR
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKCR:\'

#HKEY_CURRENT_USER
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKCU:\Software'
Get-ChildItem -Path Registry::HKEY_CURRENT_USER

#HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM'
Get-ChildItem -Path Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

#HKEY_USERS
New-PSDrive -PSProvider Registry -Root HKEY_USERS -Name HKU
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKU:\'

#HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
New-PSDrive -PSProvider Registry -Root HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG -Name HKCC
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKCC:\'

#HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT

New-PSDrive -PSProvider Registry -Root HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT -Name HKCR

Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKCR:\'

#HKEY_CURRENT_USER

Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKCU:\Software'

Get-ChildItem -Path Registry::HKEY_CURRENT_USER

#HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM'

Get-ChildItem -Path Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE

#HKEY_USERS

New-PSDrive -PSProvider Registry -Root HKEY_USERS -Name HKU

Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKU:\'

#HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG

New-PSDrive -PSProvider Registry -Root HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG -Name HKCC

Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKCC:\'

Cum se listează subchei si cheie de registru/registry în mod recursiv cu PowerShell?
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM' -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

Cum se gasesc subcheile cu un anumit nume cu PowerShell?
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE' -Include *Plugin* -Recurse -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue

Cum se poate reda doar numele subcheilor de registry/registru cu PowerShell?
(Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM').Name # Return HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\ControlSet
Get-ChildItem -Path 'HKLM:\SYSTEM' -Name # Return ControlSet

Cum se afișează valori din registry/registru cu PowerShell?
Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion'

Cum se citeste o anumită valoare de registry/registru cu PowerShell?
(Get-ItemProperty -Path 'HKLM:\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion').ProductName

Cum se citeste o anumită valoare de registru pe computerul la distanță cu PowerShell?

$hostname = $computer
$openRegedit = [Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey]::OpenRemoteBaseKey('LocalMachine', $hostname)
$openKey = $openRegedit.OpenSubKey('SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion')
$keyValue = $openKey.GetValue('ProductName')
$keyValue

$hostname = $computer

$openRegedit = [Microsoft.Win32.RegistryKey]::OpenRemoteBaseKey('LocalMachine', $hostname)

$openKey = $openRegedit.OpenSubKey('SOFTWARE\\Microsoft\\Windows NT\\CurrentVersion')

$keyValue = $openKey.GetValue('ProductName')

$keyValue

Write

Cum se creeaz o nouă cheie de registru cu PowerShell?
New-Item -Path 'HKCU:\Software\MyApplication'

Cum se creează o valoare de registru cu PowerShell?
New-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:\Software\MyApplication' -Name 'Version' -Value '1.0'

Cum se modifica o valoare de registru/registry existentă cu PowerShell?
Set-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:\Software\MyApplication' -Name 'Version' -Value '2.0'

Delete

Cum se șterge o valoare de registru/registry cu PowerShell?
Remove-ItemProperty -Path 'HKCU:\Software\MyApplication' -Name 'Version'

Cum se șterge o cheie de registry cu PowerShell?
Remove-Item -Path 'HKCU:\Software\MyApplication' -Force

Test

Cum se testează dacă o cheie de registru/registry există cu PowerShell?
Test-Path -Path 'HKCU:\Software\MyApplication'

Cum se testează dacă există o anumita valoare de registru/registry cu PowerShell?
(Get-Item -Path 'HKCU:\Software\MyApplication').GetValueNames() -contains 'Version'

Strings

Cum se elimină caracterele de tip spațiu-alb de la începutul unui șir cu PowerShell?
$string = ' PowershellGuru'
$string = $string.TrimStart()

Cum se elimină caracterele de tip spațiu-alb de la sfârșitul unui șir cu PowerShell?
$string = 'PowershellGuru '
$string = $string.TrimEnd()

Cum se elimină caracterele de tip spațiu-alb de la începutul și sfârșitul unui șir cu PowerShell?
$string = ' PowershellGuru '
$string = $string.Trim()

Cum se pot converti caracterele dintr-un șir in majuscule/upper case cu PowerShell?
$string = 'powershellguru'
$string = $string.ToUpper()

Cum se pot converti caracterele dintr-un șir in litere mici/lower case cu PowerShell?
$string = 'POWERSHELLGURU'
$string = $string.ToLower()

Cum se selectează subșirul “Powershell” din șirul “PowershellGuru” cu PowerShell?
$string.Substring(0,10)

Cum se selectează subșirul “Guru” din șirul “PowershellGuru” cu PowerShell?
$string.Substring(10)

Cum se selectează numărul “123” din “Powershell123Guru” cu PowerShell?
$string = 'Powershell123Guru'
[regex]::match($string,'(\d+)').value

Cum se obține indicele zero al “Guru” din şirul “PowershellGuru” cu PowerShell?
$string.IndexOf('Guru') # 10

Cum se verifică dacă un șir este nul sau gol cu PowerShell?
$string = $null
$string = ''
[string]::IsNullOrEmpty($string)

Cum se verifică dacă un șir este nul, gol, sau cuprinde numai caractere tip spațiu-alb, cu PowerShell?
$string = $null
$string = ''
$string = ' '
[string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($string)

Cum se verifică dacă un șir conține o anumita literă cu PowerShell?
$string = 'PowershellGuru'
$string.Contains('s')
[regex]::match($string,'s').Success

Cum se redă lungimea unui șir cu PowerShell?
$string.Length

Cum se pot concatena două șiruri cu PowerShell?

# Solution 1
$string1 + $string2

# Solution 2
$string1 = 'Powershell'
$string2 = 'Guru'
[string]::Concat($string1,$string2)

# Solution 1

$string1 + $string2

# Solution 2

$string1 = 'Powershell'

$string2 = 'Guru'

[string]::Concat($string1,$string2)

Cum se pot imperechea una sau mai multe paranteze “[]” într-un șir cu PowerShell?
$string = '[PowershellGuru]'
$string -match '\[' # Only 1
$string -match '\[(.*)\]' # Several

Cum se pot potrivi una sau mai multe paranteze “()” într-un șir cu PowerShell?
$string = '(PowershellGuru)'
$string -match '$' # Only 1
$string -match '\((.*)$' # Several

Cum se pot potrivi una sau mai multe acolade “{ }” într-un șir cu PowerShell?
$string = '{PowershellGuru}'
$string -match '\{' # Only 1
$string -match '\{(.*)\}' # Several

Cum se pot potrivi una sau mai multe paranteze unghiulare “< >” într-un șir cu PowerShell?
$string = ''
$string -match '\<' # Only 1
$string -match "\<(.*)\>" # Several

Cum se pot potrivi orice litere mici (abc) dintr-un șir de PowerShell?
$string = 'POWERSHELLGURU'
$string -cmatch "^[a-z]*$" #False

Cum se pot potrivi orice litere majuscule (ABC) într-un șir de PowerShell?
$string = 'powershellguru'
$string -cmatch "^[A-Z]*$" #False

Cum se potriveşte “[p” (p lower case) într-un șir cu PowerShell?
$string = '[powershellGuru]'
$string -cmatch '\[[a-z]\w+' #True

Cum se potriveşte “[P” (P upper case) într-un șir cu PowerShell?
$string = '[PowershellGuru]'
$string -cmatch '\[[A-Z]\w+' #True

Cum se inlocuieşte o linie cu o altă linie cu PowerShell?
$a = 'Line A'
$b = 'Line B'
$a = $a -replace $a, $b

Cum se preschimba o operatie de impartire la un şir (procente) cu PowerShell?
(1/2).ToString('P')

Cum se aranjează siruri care conțin numere cu PowerShell?

'string-10', 'string-2', 'string-23', 'string-30' | Sort-Object -Property {$_ -replace '[\d]'}, {$_ -replace '[a-zA-Z\p{P}]'-as [int]}

1	'string-10', 'string-2', 'string-23', 'string-30' \| Sort-Object -Property {$_ -replace '[\d]'}, {$_ -replace '[a-zA-Z\p{P}]'-as [int]}

Cum se selectează ultimul cuvânt al unei propoziții cu PowerShell?
$sentence = 'My name is Test Powershell'
$sentence.Split(' ')[-1] # Returns Powershell

Cum se obține cel mai mare cuvântul al unei propozişii cu PowerShell?
$sentence = 'My name is Test Powershell'
$sentence.Split(' ') | Sort-Object -Property Length | Select-Object -Last 1 # Returns Powershell

Cum se numără de ori un șir este prezent într-o propoziție cu PowerShell?
$sentence = 'test test test Powershell'
[regex]::Matches($sentence, 'test').Count # Returns 3

Cum se pociază fiecare caracter dintr-un șir intr-o multime/array cu PowerShell?

$name = 'test'
$name.ToCharArray()
s
t
e
v
e

$name = 'test'

$name.ToCharArray()

Cum se preschimbă prima literă in majuscule intr-un un șir cu PowerShell?

$name = 'test'
$name.Substring(0,1).ToUpper() + $name.Substring(1)

1 2	$name = 'test' $name.Substring(0,1).ToUpper() + $name.Substring(1)

Cum se lungeste (stânga sau dreapta) un șir cu PowerShell?

# With whitespaces
$padRight = 'test'.PadRight(25)
$padLeft  = 'test'.PadLeft(25)

# With characters
$padRight = 'test'.PadRight(25,'.') # Return test....................
$padLeft  = 'test'.PadLeft(25,'.')  # Return ....................test

# With whitespaces

$padRight = 'test'.PadRight(25)

$padLeft = 'test'.PadLeft(25)

# With characters

$padRight = 'test'.PadRight(25,'.') # Return test....................

$padLeft = 'test'.PadLeft(25,'.') # Return ....................test

Cum se codifică și decodifică un șir în Base64 cu PowerShell?

# Encode
$string = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes('test')
$encoded = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($string)

# Decode
$string  = [System.Convert]::FromBase64String($encoded)
$decoded = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($string)

# Encoded : c3RldmU=
# Decoded : test

# Encode

$string = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes('test')

$encoded = [System.Convert]::ToBase64String($string)

# Decode

$string = [System.Convert]::FromBase64String($encoded)

$decoded = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($string)

# Encoded : c3RldmU=

# Decoded : test

Cum se converteşte un număr din/in binar cu PowerShell?

# Base 10 to Base 2
[System.Convert]::ToString(255,2)

# Base 2 to Base 10
[System.Convert]::ToInt32('11111111',2)

# Base 10 to Base 2

[System.Convert]::ToString(255,2)

# Base 2 to Base 10

[System.Convert]::ToInt32('11111111',2)

Cum se redă doar ultimul dosarul sursă dintr-o cale cu PowerShell?

$path = 'C:\Folder1\Folder2\Folder3\file.txt'
Split-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $path -Parent) -Leaf # Return Folder3

1 2	$path = 'C:\Folder1\Folder2\Folder3\file.txt' Split-Path -Path (Split-Path -Path $path -Parent) -Leaf # Return Folder3

Cum se redă doar ultimul element dintr-o cale cu PowerShell?

$path = 'C:\Folder1\Folder2\Folder3\file.txt'
Split-Path -Path $path -Leaf # Return file.txt

1 2	$path = 'C:\Folder1\Folder2\Folder3\file.txt' Split-Path -Path $path -Leaf # Return file.txt

Math

Cum se afisează metodele din clasa System.Math cu PowerShell?
[System.Math] | Get-Member -Static -MemberType Method

Cum se redă valoarea absolută cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Abs(-12) #Returns 12
[Math]::Abs(-12.5) # Returns 12.5

Cum se redă unghiul a cărui sinus este un numărul specific cu PowerShell?
[Math]::ASin(1) #Returns 1,5707963267949

Cum se redă limita superioara/ceiling cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Ceiling(1.4) #Returns 2
[Math]::Ceiling(1.9) #Returns 2

Cum se redă limita inferioara/floor cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Floor(1.4) #Returns 1
[Math]::Floor(1.9) #Returns 1

Cum se redă logaritmul natural (base e) al unui număr specificat cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Log(4) #Returns 1,38629436111989

Cum se redă logaritmul de baza 10 al unui număr specificat cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Log10(4) #Returns 0,602059991327962

Cum se redă maximul dintre două valori cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Max(2,4) #Returns 4
[Math]::Max(-2,-4) #Returns -2

Cum se redă minimul dintre două valori cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Min(2,4) #Returns 2
[Math]::Max(-2,-4) #Returns -4

Cum se redă un număr ridicat la o anumita putere cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Pow(2,4) #Returns 16

Cum se redă o valoare zecimală la cea mai apropiată valoare intreagă cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Round(3.111,2) #Returns 3,11
[Math]::Round(3.999,2) #Returns 4

Cum se redă partea integrantă a unui număr zecimal specificat cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Truncate(3.111) #Returns 3
[Math]::Truncate(3.999) #Returns 3

Cum se redă rădăcina pătrată a unui număr specificat cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Sqrt(16) #Returns 4

Cum se redă constanta PI cu PowerShell?
[Math]::Pi #Returns 3,14159265358979

Cum se redă baza logaritmică naturala (e constant) cu PowerShell?
[Math]::E #Returns 2,71828182845905

Cum se verifică dacă un număr este par sau impar cu PowerShell?
[bool]($number%2)

Hashtables

Cum se creează un Hashtable gol cu PowerShell?
$hashtable = @{}
$hashtable = New-Object -TypeName System.Collections.Hashtable

Cum se creează un Hashtable cu obiecte cu PowerShell?

$hashtable = @{
    'Key1' = 'Value1'
    'Key2' = 'Value2'
    'Key3' = 'Value3'
}

$hashtable = @{

'Key1' = 'Value1'

'Key2' = 'Value2'

'Key3' = 'Value3'

}

Cum se creează un Hashtable clasificat în funcție de cheie/nume (dicționar ordonat), cu elemente cu PowerShell?

$hashtable = [ordered]@{
    'Key1' = 'Value1'
    'Key2' = 'Value2'
    'Key3' = 'Value3'
}

$hashtable | Get-Member # System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary

$hashtable = [ordered]@{

'Key1' = 'Value1'

'Key2' = 'Value2'

'Key3' = 'Value3'

}

$hashtable | Get-Member # System.Collections.Specialized.OrderedDictionary

Cum se adaugă elemente tip (key-value pair) unui Hashtable cu PowerShell?
$hashtable.Add('Key4', 'Value4')

Cum se obţine o anumită valoare dintr-un Hashtable cu PowerShell?

# Returns only Value
$hashtable.Key1
$hashtable['Key1']
$hashtable.Item('Key1')

# Returns Key and Value
 $hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Where-Object{$_.Name -eq 'Key1'}

# Returns only Value

$hashtable.Key1

$hashtable['Key1']

$hashtable.Item('Key1')

# Returns Key and Value

$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Where-Object{$_.Name -eq 'Key1'}

Cum se obține valoarea minimă a unui Hashtable cu PowerShell?

$hashtable = @{
    'Key1' = '1'
    'Key2' = '2'
    'Key3' = '3'
}

$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value | Select-Object -First 1
$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value -Descending | Select-Object -Last 1

$hashtable = @{

'Key1' = '1'

'Key2' = '2'

'Key3' = '3'

}

$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value | Select-Object -First 1

$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value -Descending | Select-Object -Last 1

Cum se obține valoarea maximă a unui Hashtable cu PowerShell?

$hashtable = @{
    'Key1' = '1'
    'Key2' = '2'
    'Key3' = '3'
}

$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value -Descending | Select-Object -First 1
$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value | Select-Object -Last 1

$hashtable = @{

'Key1' = '1'

'Key2' = '2'

'Key3' = '3'

}

$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value -Descending | Select-Object -First 1

$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value | Select-Object -Last 1

Cum se modifică elemente într-un Hashtable cu PowerShell?
$hashtable.Set_Item('Key1', 'Value1Updated')

Cum se elimină elemente dintr-un Hashtable cu PowerShell?
$hashtable.Remove('Key1')

Cum se șterge un Hashtable cu PowerShell?
$hashtable.Clear()

Cum se verifică existenta unei anumite chei/valoari într-un Hashtable cu PowerShell?
$hashtable.ContainsKey('Key3')
$hashtable.ContainsValue('Value3')

Cum se sortează dupa o anumita cheie/valoare într-un Hashtable cu PowerShell?
$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Name
$hashtable.GetEnumerator() | Sort-Object -Property Value -Descending

Arrays

Cum se creează o matrice/array goala cu PowerShell?
$array = @()
$array = [System.Collections.ArrayList]@()

Cum se creează o matrice cu elemente cu PowerShell?
$array = @('A', 'B', 'C')
$array = 'A', 'B', 'C'
$array = 'a,b,c'.Split(',')
$array = .{$args} a b c
$array = echo a b c

Cum se adaugă elemente intr-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array += 'D'
[void]$array.Add('D')

Cum se modifică un element într-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array[0] = 'Z' # 1st item[0]

Cum se verifică dimensiunea unei matrice cu PowerShell?
$array = 'A', 'B', 'C'
$array.Length # Returns 3

Cum se preia unul/mai multe /toate elementele dintr-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array = @('A', 'B', 'C')
$array[0] # One item (A)
$array[0] + $array[2] # Several items (A,C)
$array # All items (A,B,C)

Cum se elimină elemente goale într-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array = @('A', 'B', 'C', '')
$array = $array.Split('',[System.StringSplitOptions]::RemoveEmptyEntries) | Sort-Object # A,B,C

Cum se verifică dacă un element există într-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array = @('A', 'B', 'C')
'A' | ForEach-Object -Process {$array.Contains($_)} # Returns True
'D' | ForEach-Object -Process {$array.Contains($_)} # Returns False

Cum se gaseşte numărul de index al unui element într-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array = @('A', 'B', 'C')
[array]::IndexOf($array,'A') # Returns 0

Cum se inversează ordinea articolelor într-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array = @('A', 'B', 'C')
[array]::Reverse($array) # C,B,A

Cum se generează un element aleatoriu dintr-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array | Get-Random

Cum aranjează o matrice în ordine crescătoare/descrescătoare cu PowerShell?
$array = @('A', 'B', 'C')
$array | Sort-Object # A,B,C
$array | Sort-Object -Descending # C,B,A

Cum se numară elementele dintr-o matrice cu PowerShell?
$array.Count

Cum se adaugă o matrice in alta matrice cu PowerShell?